Electro_encephalo_graphy (EEG)
Definition :-
Recording of electrical activity of the brain, using multiple on the scalp. Brain was may be recorded at rest after Hyperventilation, with photic light stimulation & during sleep
EEG is a painless & safe technique.
Purpose :-
To asses & diagnose, Seizures
Brain tumors
Subdural hematoma
Cerebral infarcts
Infra cranial Hemorrhage
Alzheimer disease
Metabolic Disorder
Mental Retardation
Drug overdose
Pre- procedure protocol
Withhold medication such as Anticonvulsant, stimulants, Tranquilizers, & depressants for 24-28 hours before the procedure.
Withhold tea, coffee & chocolates before procedure, Smoking should be restricted for 24 hours before the procedure because these stimulate brain activity.
Wash patient hair with shampoo before the procedure & tell the patient not to apply conditioner or oil after shampooing.
Food should not be withheld because decrease in blood glucose level Interferes with brain activity
Position :- Supine Position.
16 or more electrodes are applied to the scalp over both sides of the head covering the prefrontal, frontal, temporal, parietal & occipital area.
One electrode may be applied to each earlobe for grounding.
After the electrodes are applied, the patient is instructed to lie still with his or her eye closed.
Epilepsy or seizure activity is characterized by rapid, spiking waves and slow EEG waves.
Pt. with cerebral lesions (eg. Tumors, infarction) will have abnormally slow EEG waves.
EEG Doing by 3 ways to activate procedure :
1. Patient is Hyperventilated :- to induce alkalosis & cerebral vasoconstriction.
2. Photo stimulation :- Is performed by flashing a light at variable speed over the patient face with the eyes opened or closed. (Seizure Activity)
3. A sleep :- to be performed to detection of abnormal brain waves that are seen only if the patient is sleeping.
Eg:- Frontal lobe epilepsy, Temporal lobe epilepsy.
Sleep EEG is performed after orally administering a sedative or hypnotics.
EEG study takes approximately 45 min. To 2 hrs.
Cerebral death :- EEG is Flat, no electrical activity.
Encephalitis :- Slowing of the EEG waves.
Allow the patient to rest after the test. If a sedative was given during the test, raise bed sides and rails patients do not drive after the test.
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