Corona-virus
CORONA-VIRUS
Official name announced by WHO
COVID-19 on 11 Feb 2020
Full Form of COVID-19
CO → Corona
VI → virus
D → Diseases
19 → 2019
Note - before Official name announced by
WHO called 2019 novel corona virus
Agent / Causative organism of COVID- 19
:→ SARS - COV 2
S → Severe
A → Acute
R→ Respiratory
S → Syndrome
SARS-COV-2 was transmitted from
Bat to humans
Corona virus →
Single stranded RNA virus
India corona virus Helpdesk
+91-11-2397 8046
Or 1075 (Toll Free)
Aarogya setu app - Developed by National informatics Centre
launched on 2nd april 2020
Transmission
Started as a zoonotic ( Bat to humans) disease
but currently Human to Human transmission by droplets.
Route of Transmission : → Droplets (most common)
Contact of particles having corona virus
Incubation period → 2-14 days
Quarantine period :→ 14 days.
Epidemiology.
World 1st case – 31st dec 2019 (China - Wuhan city)
India 1st case -30 jan 2020 ( kerala -thrissur district )
Pandemic declaration
WHO - 11 march 2020
INDIA - 12 march 2020 (National Emergency)
Symptom
fever
Runny Nose
Sore throat or dry cough
Headache.
Difficulty breathing
Screening → Done By Thermal screening
→ Record Temperature.
Diagnosis
1. Molecular test(Detects genetic material coronaVirus)
rRT - PCR Test:→
Diagnosis
1. Molecular test(Detects genetic material coronaVirus)
rRT - PCR Test:→
real time reverse transcription & Polymerase chain reaction Test
Nasopharyngeal swab ( Best)
Oropharyngeal swab (most common)
2. Serological test(Antibody test)
To detect IgM /IgG
Not successful because high False + / false - result
Nursing officer youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/c/NURSINGOFFICER
Recommended for - High Risk Cases ,Contact Tracing
what Next if you
Isolation - Standard Contact and Airbone precaution as well as personal protective equipment
for Health Care workers
How to prevent COVID-19
1. Social Distancing
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. u.s ( 6-feet / 2 arms length)
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Government of India. ( 3-feet )
Avoid Hand shake
2. Personal Protective Measures :
Frequent washing of Hands (~40 -60sec)
cough / sneeze over elbow
Use of Sanitizer / hand rub (20 -40 sec )
wash hands before touching eye, nose, mouth
use of masks
use of PPE kit
3. Environment Measures
Frequent disinfection of High Touch surfaces
( 1% Hypochlorite solution is used to High touch surfaces should be disinfected
every 1-2 hourly.)
Adequate Ventilation
COVID-19 treatment unit/room - Negative pressure (12 air exchanges per hour )
HEPA filter used in room
4. Biomedical waste Disposal: ( Central Pollution Control Board india)
Yellow -
Collect used PPEs such as
Alcohol based swab
masks (including triple layer mask, N95 mask, etc.),
head cover/cap,
Shoe-cover,
disposable linen Gown,
non-plastic or semi-plastic cover
Disposable bed sheet
NoteFeces from COVID-19 confirmed patient, who is unable to use toilets and excreta is collected
in diaper, must be treated as biomedical waste and should be placed in yellow bag/container.
However, if a bedpan is used, then faeces to be washed into toilet and cleaned with a neutral
detergent and water, disinfected with a 0.5% chlorine solution, then rinsed with clean water.
Red -
Collect used PPEs such as
goggles, face-shield,
splash proof apron,
Plastic Coverall.
nitrile gloves
Pen
Plastic Bottle
Bed Sheet.
White -
Sharp metallic waste
Bule -
Glass Item.
Role of Lock down:
Janta curfew → 22 march 2020 (for-14hr)
National lockdown → 24 march 2020 (3 week)
prevent Social gathering
prevent Transmission
primary Level prevention (Health Promotion)
Role of Vaccines:
No Vaccine Available till Now
India's first Indigenous Covid-19
Vaccine - Covaxin by-ICMR
Phase -1 - 375 Sample (18 - 55 year)
Phase - 2 750 Sample (12 - 65 year)
Chemoprophylaxis-
Hydroxychloroquine (HCG) play some s role
400 mg stat → Every week to week
Role of BCG Vaccine :
Partial Immunity
Role of plasma therapy
Removal of Immunoglobulin from treated covid patient
Injecting to High risk cases / covid patient
Nursing officer youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/c/NURSINGOFFICER
ECG Notes link - https://www.nursingofficer.net/2020/08/ecg.html
Nasopharyngeal swab ( Best)
Oropharyngeal swab (most common)
2. Serological test(Antibody test)
To detect IgM /IgG
Not successful because high False + / false - result
Nursing officer youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/c/NURSINGOFFICER
Recommended for - High Risk Cases ,Contact Tracing
what Next if you
Isolation - Standard Contact and Airbone precaution as well as personal protective equipment
for Health Care workers
How to prevent COVID-19
1. Social Distancing
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. u.s ( 6-feet / 2 arms length)
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Government of India. ( 3-feet )
Avoid Hand shake
2. Personal Protective Measures :
Frequent washing of Hands (~40 -60sec)
cough / sneeze over elbow
Use of Sanitizer / hand rub (20 -40 sec )
wash hands before touching eye, nose, mouth
use of masks
use of PPE kit
3. Environment Measures
Frequent disinfection of High Touch surfaces
( 1% Hypochlorite solution is used to High touch surfaces should be disinfected
every 1-2 hourly.)
Adequate Ventilation
COVID-19 treatment unit/room - Negative pressure (12 air exchanges per hour )
HEPA filter used in room
4. Biomedical waste Disposal: ( Central Pollution Control Board india)
Yellow -
Collect used PPEs such as
Alcohol based swab
masks (including triple layer mask, N95 mask, etc.),
head cover/cap,
Shoe-cover,
disposable linen Gown,
non-plastic or semi-plastic cover
Disposable bed sheet
NoteFeces from COVID-19 confirmed patient, who is unable to use toilets and excreta is collected
in diaper, must be treated as biomedical waste and should be placed in yellow bag/container.
However, if a bedpan is used, then faeces to be washed into toilet and cleaned with a neutral
detergent and water, disinfected with a 0.5% chlorine solution, then rinsed with clean water.
Red -
Collect used PPEs such as
goggles, face-shield,
splash proof apron,
Plastic Coverall.
nitrile gloves
Pen
Plastic Bottle
Bed Sheet.
White -
Sharp metallic waste
Bule -
Glass Item.
Role of Lock down:
Janta curfew → 22 march 2020 (for-14hr)
National lockdown → 24 march 2020 (3 week)
prevent Social gathering
prevent Transmission
primary Level prevention (Health Promotion)
Role of Vaccines:
No Vaccine Available till Now
India's first Indigenous Covid-19
Vaccine - Covaxin by-ICMR
Phase -1 - 375 Sample (18 - 55 year)
Phase - 2 750 Sample (12 - 65 year)
Chemoprophylaxis-
Hydroxychloroquine (HCG) play some s role
400 mg stat → Every week to week
Role of BCG Vaccine :
Partial Immunity
Role of plasma therapy
Removal of Immunoglobulin from treated covid patient
Injecting to High risk cases / covid patient
Nursing officer youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/c/NURSINGOFFICER
ECG Notes link - https://www.nursingofficer.net/2020/08/ecg.html
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